الامتحان الوطني الخاص بالانجليزية مسلك الآداب 2008 الدورة العادية

-- -- bi4l1 IJ jiJ I I 20 4J1 I 4Jh I 4ilI1 JL J1 IJ -IIJi1 1 -IIJi1 t ill 4 1 I il J c NS10 The Economic Commission for Africa estimates that between 1960 and 1989some 127000 high1y qualified African professionals left Affica According to the International Organisation for Migration Affica has been losing 20000 professionals each year since 1990 This has raised claims that the continent is dying a slow death from brain drain which has financial institutional and societal costs African countries get little return from their investment in higher education since too many graduates leave or fail to return home at the end of their studies The United Nations has finally admitted that emigration of African professionals to the West is one of the greatest obstacles to Africas development Kofi Apraku an African living in the US is eager to go back home Nearly twenty years ago he came to America as an exchange student to finish high school Kofi ended up staying there to get his doctorate He achieved distinction not only in his professional career but also in his social and personallife Nowa professor of economics at the University of North Carolina at Asheville Apraku is preparing to go back to Ghana to work with the ministry of agriculture as director and policy counsellor quot The missing link for Afficas social and economic developmentquot he says quot is the Affican immigrant who has become educated and experienced abroad but who has not been able to go back homequot A number of factors have kept expatriates such as Apraku from getting back to their homeland Somewhat like African refugees African immigrants are victims of brutal governments poverty civil wars poor economies etc According to a United Nations estimate 100000 trained professionals like Apraku are working in the West Most of them cant - or wont - return The result a devastating brain drain that has deprived the African continent of much of its top talents Surprisingly some Africans are willing to return to where they belong Despite the very low salaries poor professional facilities and limited opportunities thev are decided to make it back home quotAfricas development remains an African responsibilityquot says Apraku quotSome of us have been lucky to get enough experience to share such a responsibilityquot he continues Certainly the trip back home can be hard For instance the average salary in African universities does not exceed 500 dollars a month Many of the best-paid jobs in Africa still go to foreigners Thousands of foreign advisors in the public sector in sub-Saharan Africa are paid up to 4000 dollars a month It is true that these have expertise unfound in Africa but this situation can be changed if and only if educated Africans are willing to sacrifice and work together for a brighter tomOITOWin Africa 1 COMPREHENSION 15 POINTS BASE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT A ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS lN YOUR OWN WORDS 3 pts 1 Was Apraku a successful student Explain quotquotquotquotquotquotquotquotquotquotquot 2 ln what way are African refugees and African immigrants similar 3 Who is responsible for the development of Africa according to Kofi Apraku bi4l1 IJ quotJI j31 bi4l1 jll jS IquotwlJI I -quot -2008 JWI JJlI- ai4ltJ Jiill J I quot- J quot tJ1 quot-J jil J4 WI J I ll 0quot3 bi4l1 JlJjll J J 4Jh I 4ilI1 JL-J1 4 Jat-ll -IJi1 LaquotlpJ -IJi1 1 Mr nabil Sbaybi wwwmyteachernabilcom

i j 1 u Wa u loS Ji ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 c NS1O c 2 B ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE JUSTIFY 2 pts 1Kofi has been offered a job with the ministry of agriculture in Ghana 2 AlI African immigrants prefer to stay in their host countries C PICK OUT FROM THE TEXT EXPRESSIONS WHICH SHOW THAT 2 pts 1African countries dont benefit much from the moneythey invest in university studies parag 1 2 The retum of African immigrants wouldnt be easy parag 5 D COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES 2pts 1Foreign advisors are welI-paid in Africa because 2 Africans can contribute to the development of Africa if they E CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANSWER FROM THE LIST GIVEN Tick the appropriate box 2 pts 1The best title for the passage is 0 opportunities and constraints of going back to Africa 0 Life conditions of African immigrantsin the West 0 Work conditions and salaries in African universities 2 After reading the text you can conc1udethat Kofi Apraku is 0 indifferent to going back to his country 0 hopeless about going back to his country 0 optimistic about going back to his country F WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS lN THE TEXT REFER TO 1 continent 2 pts 2 them 3 they 4 these G FIND lN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS 1 human capital flight parag 1 2 the countrywhere a person is bom parag3 2 pts Mr nabil Sbaybi wwwmyteachernabilcom

J l 1 J J i lS J ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 c 4 WtII c NS10 III WRITING 10 POINTS Students often take part in some voluntary work as an act of good citizenship Write a report about an activity you participated in or heard about in your school neighbourhood or city approximately 250 words These suggestions may help you -the kind of activity planting trees cleaning helping old people campaigns against smoking road accidents - People involved students teachers administrators experts - The benefits of the activity - Your feelings attitude -voluntary work as an aspect of good citizenship Mr nabil Sbaybi wwwmyteachernabilcom